Shandong
The agriculture of Shandong province is developed, the industrial system is complete, and the national economy is listed in the front of the whole country. Shandong is full of rich resources, long history, splendid magnificence, and on-going celebrities.
Geography
Shandong Province is situated along the eastern coastal lines and in the lower reaches of Yellow River, comprising of peninsulas and inlands. The Shandong Peninsula stretches out between Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea.
Climate
It has a warm-temperate monsoon climate, with short springs and autumns and long winters and summers. The rain is always along with the hot summers, and the annual precipitation is also in this season. It has a mean annual temperature of 11.0 β to 14.2 β.
Major Cities
Capital: Jinan
Located in the mid-western part of Shandong Province, Jinan, which has been approved by the state as open coastal city is a national historical and cultural city. It is not only the centers of the politics, economy, science and technology, culture, education, tourism, regional financial, but also the important traffic hub and logistics center.
Other major cities: Qingdao, Yantai
Economy
Shandong is the one of the big economic province and its economic strength, ranking the front. In 2010, the nominal GDP for Shandong was 3.94162 trillion yuan, ranking third in the country.
Industry
The industry of Shandong has been shaped a perfect foundation and complete range. The six pillar industries of electronic information, home appliances, mechanical equipment, chemical industry, food, textile and clothing and new material is growing rapidly. The high and new technology industry of biological technology, pharmaceutical, environmental protection and energy saving and emission reduction has formed certain scale. The outputs of the industrial products of refrigerators, reefer, farming machinery, engineering machinery, heavy-duty car, motorcycle, machine-made paper and cardboard, chemical fertilizer, tires, cement, edible vegetable oil, yarn, cloth, building ceramics, gold and all the 47 kinds ranks first in the country.
Agriculture
Shandong province, which has four distinct seasons, mild climate, sufficient sunlight, rich quantity of heat, the rainy and hot summer, is appropriate for crop growth. So it is one of the cradles of the Chinese planting. The main crops are wheat, corn, sweet potato, soybean, sorghum, millet, rice, cotton, peanuts, tobacco, hemp, vegetables, fruits, tea, medicinal materials, grasses, sericulture and etc. so it is one of the main productions of grain, cotton, peanuts, vegetables, fruits and the output and quality are ranked the top.
Tourism
Shandong is the largest provinces of tourism resources. There are two places of world heritage, including the Confucius Mansion, Confucius Forest and Confucius temple, which have been listed on the world cultural heritage by the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization. Shandong which has a long history and the brilliant culture is one of the centers of Chinese politics, economy and culture. It also is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese culture.
Transportation
The mileage of highway system is more than 4700 kilometers, which takes the second place of the country. It is forecasted that by 2020 the reasonable scale of the highway system is 6200 kilometers to form the main passage.
The main airport
The airports of Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai are the international airports, among which, Qingdao airport is the first airport of Shandong to make the breakthrough of the annual throughput of 10 million.
Navigation
It is mainly in coastal ports. There are ports of Qingdao, Rizhao, Lanshan and Yantai. Among them, the Qingdao port, founded in 1892, is a national large port. At present, the Qingdao port can provide any scale docks for any scale ships. Rizhao port is the eighth largest port of the country, which is at the oriental end of new Euro-Asian continental bridge. It is also one of hubs of coastal ports which are regulated by the Ministry of Communications.
Railway
The layout of “4 length lines and 4 breadth lines” has been formed. There are Beijing-shanghai and Beijing-Kowloon railway in north-south as well as Jiaoji railway in west-east.
Technology and Education
More attention is paid to the science and technology work. At present, there are three national key laboratories of microbe, crystal materials and crop biology in Shandong province. There are 10 state key laboratories of enterprise, which take the first place in the country. It also has 18 national engineering technology research centers, which rank second in the nation. In addition, there are more than 120 provincial scientific research institutions and 114 higher education institutions.
Technology and Education
More attention is paid to the science and technology work. At present, there are three national key laboratories of microbe, crystal materials and crop biology in Shandong province. There are 10 state key laboratories of enterprise, which take the first place in the country. It also has 18 national engineering technology research centers, which rank second in the nation. In addition, there are more than 120 provincial scientific research institutions and 114 higher education institutions.
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